I was hoping to someone chould explain the process of building a passive crossover. And explaing the Pros and cons. Thanks.
Check this page out:
https://web.njit.edu/~cas1383/proj/main/ Go to the bottom
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Pro, you have complete control of crossover points.
Cons, expensive, confusing, can get very large, and generally wastes upto 50 percent of the power put into them.
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I've been building passive Xovers for many years. Here's a few other pro/cons:
PRO: Generally a warmer, more natural sound can be achieved; driver inefficiencies can be corrected; complex setups can be easily created (like line arrays or multiple tweeters, etc) without multiple amps; SQ can be created that is far superior to that found in most electronic xovers; any Xover slope or Xover point can be acheived (not just factory pre-sets); does not require 12V power or remote turn-on...
CONS: You REALLY have to know what you're doing to get it right; adjusting Xover points or slopes requires removing and replacing components; can add noise or harshness if low-quality components are used; the Xover can be the limiting factor in system power handling; cannot easily swap drivers or setups without also physically re-buildig the Xover...
That being said, I prefer the sound of passive Xovers and use them in my own setups. The notion that they can rob 50% of amplifier power is a bit extreme, but they do use some energy that would otherwise be available for the drivers. Usually about 2% for a properly built Xover network, in my experience.
Get the Loudspeaker Cookbook for a great introduction to designing and building crossovers.