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voltage sensing?


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nfrank89 
Copper - Posts: 86
Copper spacespace
Joined: April 30, 2009
Location: Washington, United States
Posted: September 25, 2009 at 11:54 PM / IP Logged  
how could i wire up a circuit to click a relay when a certain voltage is detected? ~8 volts for example. it wont click if its above 10 volts or below 6.
KPierson 
Platinum - Posts: 3,527
Platinum spaceThis member consistently provides reliable informationspace
Joined: April 14, 2005
Location: Ohio, United States
Posted: September 26, 2009 at 7:58 AM / IP Logged  

That would be a fairly complex circuit.

The first thing you would have to do is create a stable voltage reference, which can be done with a 7805 voltage regulator.

You would then have to scale the voltage you are trying to monitor - typically cutting it by 66% works well with a 5vdc reference.  This can easily be done with a voltage divider circuit.

For the limits you could use an op amp for each limit.  You would put your scaled voltage on one input, and the wiper of a pot on the other input.  The pot will be set to the limit.  For the upper limit you'll need to put the pot to the (+) input of the op amp and your scaled voltage ot the (-), for the lower limit you'll reverse it, put the wiper on the (-) and the scaled voltage on the (+).

You would then need to take the output of each op amp and run it to a 2 input  AND logic gate.  The output of the logic gate would need to go through a transistorized drive circuit and then can be connected to a relay.

A simpler approach would be to utilize a microcontroller.  You'll still need the voltage divider to scale the input voltage but all the limits can be handled in the software.  You would also still need the transistorized relay drive output.

Kevin Pierson

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