ALL SPEAKERS MAKE SOUND WAVES. Sound in measured in SPL WHEREVER you measure it. Yes you DO deal with sound pressure, but in the home (or warehouse or wherever) you also deal with sound pressure, WHEN THE WAVELENGTH IS LONGER THAN THE ROOM... it is still sound! (I think you are getting confused between sound and sound pressure... they ARE the same thing) The same rule applies in the car, this is called room (or, in the car, CABIN gain). The numbers above, are (yes, I admit, I should have specified the TYPE of enclosure) for a sealed enclosure. Add 3 dB for a vented enclosure, or 6dB for a bandpass enclosure, but also remember that when you vent a small (required for automotive use, because of the physical limitations of the CAR) you will sacrifice low frequency extension for output. Ya canno' change the laws o' physics! You will also notice that I did refer to cabin gain, and I also mentioned that cabin gain is not a uniform boost across the spectrum. It will be based on the HARMONICS of the cabin. Smaller cabins, such as trucks, will enhance higher frequencies, and larger cabins, such as an Explorer or the like, will enhance lower frequencies. Also, most manufacturers base their sensitivity ratings on the Theil-Small parameters of the driver (mathematically derived, based on MMS, BL, and other parameters that are relatively fixed values), they do not put the driver in a box, and test it - they can't, because of the tens of thousands of drivers they make, and I can tell you this is true, because I have measured literally hundreds of drivers, and VERY few ended up being right on the mfr. spec. for efficiency. It actually comes closer to an infinite baffle sensitivity, also. The spec will change, based on the tolerances allowed in the manufacturing process, usually + or - 10 percent. More expensive drivers will usually use higher tolerance parts, and therefore come closer to mfr spec.
I really am curious, what makes you believe that a woofer does something different in an automotive environment than in a home environment? All loudspeakers, from tweeters to woofers, to full range drivers, are electromechanical devices that do nothing more than excite air molecules in a compression/rarifaction pattern, based on the frequency being reproduced. It does not matter where it is measured, as long as you allow for room gain. You will get the output of the driver. The space (distance) between the wave (the outward movement of the cone - high pressure) and the trough (the inward movement of the cone - low pressure) is called the wavelength, and it is the same in a car as it is in a non-moving rigidly placed building. The room (or cabin - interchangeable, both verbally and physically) has an effect on SOME of the frequencies more than it does on others. These are called standing waves, and you can figure these as well, AND say how much the gain will be at a given frequency, as well as the harmonics of that peak frequency, with relative precision.
It all reminds me of something that Molière once said to Guy de Maupassant at a café in Vienna: "That's nice. You should write it down."